Demographics and US Stock Market Fluctuations*
Abstract
This article illustrates how the information component determining long-horizon US stock market returns can be related to a demographic variable, MY the ratio of middle-aged to young adults. In fact, MY can be seen as the major determinants of a slowly evolving time-varying mean of the dividend/price ratio. A forecasting model for stock market returns over a century of US annual data that uses as predictors the dividend/price ratio and MY overcomes all the statistical difficulties related to the high persistence of the dividend/price ratio and performs very well in forecasting long-horizon stock market returns. Moreover, the use of demographic variables as a predictor for long-run stock market returns delivers a steeply downward sloping term structure of stock market risk. (JEL codes: G17, C53, E44)
Key words
- dynamic dividend growth model
- long run returns predictability
- stock market risk
- demographics
- direct regressions
- multi-period iterated forecasts
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